Life Nutrition Academy
Life Nutrition Academy
In the previous post, we talked about diabetes, its common symptoms, and type 2 diabetes. Now, we’ll explore type 1 and gestational diabetes, and what can be done to reduce risks or manage symptoms.
Type 1 diabetes occurs when the body’s immune system attacks the pancreas, preventing it from producing insulin. Insulin is the hormone that helps regulate blood sugar by allowing cells to absorb glucose from the blood for energy. Without insulin, blood sugar levels remain too high. Unfortunately, this type of diabetes is common among children.
The symptoms of type 1 diabetes are similar to those of type 2:
Extreme thirst
Frequent urination, especially at night
Feeling very tired
Unintended weight loss
Recurring thrush
Blurred vision
Slow-healing cuts or sores
Fruity-smelling breath
There is no cure for type 1 diabetes, but insulin injections help regulate blood sugar levels. The key is finding the right dosage, frequency, and ensuring proper carbohydrate intake. Your healthcare team will guide you through this process.
Gestational diabetes develops only during pregnancy and can pose risks for both the mother and baby. Proper management is essential to protect both.
This condition is often related to hormonal changes during pregnancy that make it harder for the body to use insulin effectively, leading to insulin resistance. Unlike type 1 diabetes, where insulin is absent, here it’s present but not functioning properly. Genetics and excess weight can also contribute to gestational diabetes, resulting in high blood sugar levels.
Overweight/obesity
Excessive weight gain during pregnancy
Westernized diet
Ethnicity
Genetic factors
Advanced maternal age
Low or high birth weight
Family or personal history of gestational diabetes
Other insulin resistance conditions, like polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS)
*The bolded risk factors are things you can control to lower your risk.
Most women with gestational diabetes don’t experience noticeable symptoms. If symptoms occur, they are usually mild, such as:
Increased thirst
Frequent urination
The first step in managing gestational diabetes is following a healthy diet. A well-planned diet helps control blood sugar levels, protecting both mother and baby. It's safe and effective without side effects.
Another key element is physical activity, which helps lower blood sugar and can be incorporated safely during pregnancy. Aim for at least 30 minutes of activity 5 days a week. If you were already active, you can adjust the intensity or type of activity. Exercise also lowers the risk of developing type 2 diabetes later on.
Consult with your healthcare team to create a balanced diet and exercise plan that works for you.
If blood sugar levels remain high despite lifestyle changes, your doctor may prescribe insulin, which is safe during pregnancy and poses no risk to the baby. Your healthcare provider will give you guidance on insulin use, blood sugar monitoring, and meal timing.
Sources:
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/type-1-diabetes/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6274679/#B32-ijms-19-03342